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 안식일 아침에 들려주고 싶은 이야기


스물 한 번째 이야기 -  미국 최초의 흑인 군종감 탄생, 배리 블랙 해군 소장,
                        Oackwood 출신 재림교회 목사


교회지남  2000년 11월 호와 워싱턴 포스트 2000년 12월 5일자

미국 최초의 흑인 군종감 탄생, 배리 블랙 해군 소장,
Oackwood 출신 재림교회 목사


8월 18일 미 해군 군목의 최고 책임자를 맡게 된 해군 소장 배리 C. 블랙은 이 직임을 맡은 최초의 재림교인이자 최초의 아프리카계 미국인*이다. (*전에 흔히 사용하던 “흑인”을 대신하는 근래의 표현 방식임 : 편집자 주)
블랙은 전세계에 흩어진 1,000여 명 이상의 해군 군목들의 수장으로서 그가 맡게 된 책임을 “수백만의 군인들에게 헌법상 종교의 자유를 누릴 수 있도록 확신시키고, 영적인 필요를 채우는 일에 누구도 방해를 받지 않도록 하는 것”이라고 말한다. 또한 블랙은 “윤리적, 도덕적, 종교적, 영적 문제”에 대해 해군 지도자들을 지도하고 조언할 책무를 맡았다.
새로운 직위를 위임받은 블랙은 190종류 이상의 다른 종교적 전통과 배경이 있는 해군 병사들을 섬기게 된다. 그는 이 “다원적인 환경”에서 언제나 연합을 유지하면서 모든 사람을 평등하게 대하고 끊임없이 보살필 것이다.
재림교회가 강조하는 종교의 자유와 안식일 준수에 대한 철저한 신념을 가지고 있는 블랙 장군은 “봉사”를 가장 보람 있는 일이라고 말한다. “지도력은 종이 되는 일을 의미한”다고 말하면서, “예수님께서는 지도자나 큰 자가 되려면 봉사해야 한다고 말씀하셨습니다. 높은 계급을 얻는 일은 다른 사람들을 위해 문을 열어주고, 그들에게 기운을 내도록 북돋아 주는 일입니다”라고 한다.
그의 임명식은 워싱턴의 미 해군 연병장에서 있었다. 발티모어에서 자란 블랙 장군은 오크우드 대학과 앤드류스 대학교 대학원을 졸업한 후 24 년간 해군에서 군목으로, 지난 3 년간은 군종참모부장 보좌관으로 봉사했다. 재림교 대총회 군목·원목 협의회장인 리차드 스텐바켄은 블랙이 “탁월한” 봉사 기록을 가지고 있으며, “그는 새로운 역할에서 두드러진 봉사를 할 것임을 확신합니다”라고 그의 임명식에 참석하여 말했다. “그는 전세계의 교회 가족들을 위해 기도하며 안부를 전합니다.”
블랙은 이제 미국 해군과 연안 경비대 그리고 해병대를 맡는 책임을 졌다. 그는 지난 4월 빌 클린턴 대통령과 해군 장관 리차드 댄직의 추천으로 미 상원의 승인을 받았다.


재림교인 미 해군 소장 해군 병영 내의 신앙의 자유에 기여
워싱턴 포스트발 기사, 토마스 E 맄스 (12/5,2000)

베리 블랙(Barry C . Black)은 아프리카계 미국인이며 볼티모어(Baltimore)시내 중앙의 흑인거주지역의 채식주의자이며 자타가 공인하는 체스(서양장기)광이며 고대 스토아 학파의 철학 저술들을 탐독하며 매우 충실히 달리기를 해온 그는 한 편모 슬하에서 아들로 자라났다. 그는 또한 미 해군 소장이다.  그가 미 해군 소장이라는 사실은 퇴역한 공군 장교들을 비롯한 몇몇 많은 사람들을 놀라게 했다. 그들은 최근에 블랙 소장이 장군이 아니라고 생각한 후에 블랙이 장성들과 제독들을 위한 앤드루스 공군기지 주차장에 여러 차례 차를 주차시켰던 것을 호되게 나무랐었다.  몇 년 전에 샌디에고 경찰은 그가 밤에 집 근처를 산책했을 때 그들의 순찰차에 그를 엎드리게 했었다. “인종신화가 우리 나라를 멍들게 한다”라고 블랙(52세)이 결론지었다. 사실상 지난 여름에 미 해군의 최 고위 군목이 되었던 그에게 가장 놀라운 일은 그가 그 자리를 차지한 최초의 흑인이라는 것에 사람들의 대단한 이목을 끈 점 이었다.그는 이어서 “나는 미국이 한 사람의 피부색깔을 비판적 요소에서 초월했던 것으로 생각했다”고 말했다. 인터뷰에서 말하기를 그의 경력을 통틀어 흑인들의 위한 대변인으로서 제지 당해왔었다. 새로운 보직에 발령받아 신고할 때에 “나는 마틴 루터 킹의 날과 역사적인 흑인(Black History)의 달을 운영하지 않습니다 ”라고 해군 군목감에게 말하곤 하던 것을 상기했다.  그러나 그의 성공이 심지어는 군내에서도 아프리카계 미국인들에게 존재하는 한계선을 극복한 것은 아니라고 말한다. 요점을 집어 말하자면 N.C. 브랙(Bragg)요새의 블랙호크 헬기 앞에선  27명 해군장성(flag officer)들 중에 신임 군장성과  제독들을 위한 오리엔테이션인 캡스톤과정(capstone class)에서 유일한 1명의 흑인이었으며 그는 특별 전시품(Exibition A)이나 바로 오랜 눈에 보이지 않는 차별(glass ceiling) 같은 존재였다. 오늘 그는 220명의 미해군 제독들 중의 9명의 아프리카계 미국인 중의 한명이다. 흑인 제칠일 안식일 예수 재림교인이 1400 명에 달하는 미해군, 미해병,미 해안 수비대, 전 보유 상선의  군목들 곧, 개신교,천주교,그리스 정교회와 유대인 군목들을 주관한다. 게다가 그는 힌두교, 불교와 이슬람교 군인들을 위해 일하는 평신도 지도자들도 주관 한다. 그가 회상하기는 16살이 되기까지 백인을 한 사람도 본적이 없었던 볼티모어 시내 중앙 흑인 거주지역 출신인 그에겐 굉장한 변화인 것이다. 여섯 아이를 키워온 그의 어머니는 그에게서 그의 인생관을 꼴지워 준 근실함을 심어 주었다. 그의 포용력은 그가 그 주에 외웠던 성경 구절들의 수에 따라 키워 졌으며 그의 어머니는 그가 한절을 외울 때 마다 그에게 10센트씩 주엇다. 그가 너무나 잘 외웠기 때문에 그의 어머는 얼마 못가서 파산하고야 말았다(더 이상 그 방식대로 돈을 줄수 없엇다). 블랙은 무슨 일이든 끝까지 하지 않는 법이 없었다. 1976년 그가 해군에 입대했을 때 그는 수병들이 영화에서 온 영상들을 잘 연관 시키는 것을 깨닮고서 오스카 상을 수상한 가장 최고의 영화들ㅡ1928년에 항공대대(Wings)가 출연했던ㅡ을 보여주는 프로젝트를 시작햇다.  같은 방법으로 그는 많은 수병들이 해상에 있을 때 게임을 즐기는데 여러 시간들을 소비한다는 점을 알아차리고선 체스 과정을 개설했다. 그는 아나폴리스(Anapolis)에 소재한 미 해군사관학교에 배치되었을 때 체스에 너무 몰두해서 맨하탄 체스 클럽을 마치기 위해서 매 주말마다 뉴욕으로 통근할 정도였다. 미 해군 최고 군목이 되는 일은 독특한 도전거리들이라고 그는 말한다. 그가 여러 다양한 종교들을 다루는데 반해 민간인 종교 지도자들이  일상적으로 자신의 교파 내에서 목회한다고 언급했다. 그는 해군 군목이 되는 주 요점은 “당신이 다원주의 배경에서 봉사를 제공하고 있음을 의미한다”고 말한다. 본질적인 그의 업무는 군목 사회를 주관하는 것이다. 목회자들을 위한 목회는 많은 여행을 요구한다.    예를 들면 10월달에 거의 나흘 길을 길에서 보냈다. 요즘 그는 개인을 대상으로 하는 목회를 거의 못하고 있는 실정이다. 그러나 그는 자주 설교한다. 그의 사무실에 돌아와서는 그의 일의 40%를 다양한 문제들에 관해 브리핑(briefing) 받으며 보낸다. 한 요즘같이 전형적인 날에 그는 인터넷이 어떻게 군목들을 도울 수 있는지에 관해서 그의 부관들과 모임을 갖고 있었다. 그는 또 해군이 설계하고 있는 “멋진 군함(smart ship)”에 단지 300명만의 수병들을 수용할 때인 곧, 미래의 군목 게획에 대한 브리핑을 받고 있었다.  해군은 600명의 고용된 수병에 대해 1명의 군목을 배당하는데 현재의 체제상 그런 새로운 배에 한명의 군목을 수용하기에 배가 너무 작다는 것이었다. 그러한 배당치를 그가 내릴 수도 있다. 그러나 부두에 남겨둔 그들의 가족들에 대해서는 희생을 감수하게 될 수도 있다. “해상에서 함정에 있을 때 당신은 거룩하고 초자연적인 분을 필요로 한다.”해군과 마찬가지로 그들의 가족들도 돌봐야 한다고 그는 역설했다. 대부분의 커다란 관료집단의 최고위자의 일거리들과 마찬가지로 그도 업무의 상당부분을 예산문제에 바친다. 그가 한숨 지으며 한 경구를 말하기를”돈은 모든 문제의 정답들이다”. “나도 그걸 믿게되기 시작했어요” 블랙은 일반적으로 훌륭한 평을 듣는다. 해군에서 26년을 보냇으며 그 세월의 대부분을 해병대에서 보낸  랍비 제임스 L. 애플은 “그는 군목의 군목이며 훌륭한 설교가이며 박식하고 동정심 많은 사람이지요” 라고 말했다.
                                ㅡ  워싱톤 포스트 2000년 12월5일자
@블랙의 약력 ㅡ 앤드류스 대학교에서 신학학사, 노스 캐롤라이나 대학교에서 심리학 석사, 살베 레기나 대학교(Salve Regina Univ.,)에서 경영학 석사, 동부 침레교 신학 대학교에서 목회학 박사학위 수여, 미합중국 국제대학교(US International Univ.)에서 심리학 박사학위 수여
좋아하는 책 ㅡ 마르쿠스 아우렐리우스의 명상록,    여가활용 ㅡ 독서, 달리기, 체스

 

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http://www.adventistreview.org/site/1/template/capI.jpg
capI.jpg never expected to become a United States Navy admiral. But the phone rang, and my wife, Brenda, whispered, “Honey, it’s the chief of chaplains.” Rarely did the top Navy chaplain, an admiral, ever call anyone at home, so I thought it must be an emergency. As frantic thoughts raced through my mind, I lifted the phone with apprehension.

 
“Barry,” I heard Admiral Byron Holderby say, “I guess we can now make it official. Congratulations. You’ve been selected as our next admiral, the deputy chief of chaplains for the United States Navy.”
 
“Thank you, sir,” I responded with relief, surprised at my apparent calmness. “This is a great honor. Sir, let me also thank you for whatever part you played in making this dream come true.” Putting down the phone, I greeted Brenda’s furrowed brow with a smile. “I’m the new admiral!” I shouted. “Can you believe it?” We danced for joy.
 
2007-1502-50-cover.jpgFinding solitude in a quiet room, I mused about this milestone. No African-American had ever been promoted to admiral in the United States Navy Chaplain Corps, an organization more than two hundred years old. Moreover, I had not aspired to obtain this honor; it was beyond anything I could have asked or imagined. I thought about my Seventh-day Adventist denominational roots. No one from this oft-maligned religious tradition had ever been so elevated. I had matri­culated at a small, parochial, African-American college in Huntsville, Alabama, and then studied at an obscure seminary in Berrien Springs, Michigan. Some Navy chaplains possessed Ivy League diplomas, yet I had been chosen. My mind flashed back to my inner-city beginnings and my family’s poverty. Ruminating about the environmental pathology that characterized my childhood, I concluded that God Himself had ordered my steps, surrounding me with unmerited favor. “God indeed has a sense of humor,” I whispered to myself.
 
God must have smiled as He guided me from the public housing projects of Baltimore, Maryland. Crime, drugs, and poverty infected this environment. Most sociologists analyzing my family of origin would have made ominous predictions about my future. Many of my childhood friends’ final destinations were incarceration, addiction, or death. But my siblings and I escaped such fates, each of us making an unlikely pilgrimage from poverty to responsible citizenship. What made the difference?
 
My journey from the hood to the Hill seemed most improbable. Making admiral was miraculous enough, but does lightning strike twice? Some of my colleague detractors talked about the “miracle” of my becoming chief of chaplains. When they learned that I was also interviewing for the Senate chaplain’s job, a few thought that I had a better chance of winning the lottery.
 
Early in my military career, a colleague approached me with an unusual suggestion. “Barry,” he said, “you’re probably headed for great things in the Navy. But if you really want to reach the top, change your denomination.”
 
“I don’t choose my church like an ice cream flavor,” I responded.
 
“You don’t understand what I’m saying,” he continued. “You can continue to embrace the same denominational theology; I’m talking about administrative leverage. You’ll be more competitive with a mainline church designation.”
 
“Thanks for the tip,” I said, “but I think not.”
 
Before the military selection board met and selected me for admiral, this same minister friend called me and said, “You’ll never be selected for admiral. If you had only followed my advice and changed denominations years ago, you would now be competitive. But you wouldn’t listen to me.” He chuckled smugly, certain of the inevitability of his prophecy.
 
“You just don’t know my God,” I fired back at this naysayer.
 
“Of course I know your God,” he rejoined.
 
“I don’t think so. Not if you think a few minor obstacles can stop Him,” I argued. “If He wants me to be an admiral, it will happen.”
 
After the announcement of my promotion to rear admiral, I received a message on my voice mail from this friend: “Barry, when you get a chance, would you please introduce me to your God?”
 
Later, this same friend would lay odds that the Senate would not soon select a Black man for its chaplain.
 
I thought he had a point. After all, since 1789, when the first Senate chaplain was selected, no African-American had ever served in that position. But in spite of its improbability, God’s plans and purposes prevailed.
 
The Road Less Traveled
A number of critical factors contributed to making the improbable possible. Some of these factors can be subsumed under the umbrella theme of expecting the unexpected. The people in my life did not expect to stay in poverty. They believed that interior strength is more important than exterior vicissitudes. My mother and an extended church family imparted to my siblings and me the belief that God had great plans for our lives. They backed this optimism with their cheerful diligence and used Scripture to reinforce a positive outlook. These wonderful people encouraged and mentored me. They would quote Ephesians 3:20, reminding me that God can do more than we can ask or think. “Expect the unexpected,” many would say. They supported me financially and exposed me to good books and music. Those possessing college degrees shared their insights until association produced assimilation, enabling me to walk with confidence down an unfamiliar road to excellence.
 
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Another reason I began to expect the unexpected was that God provided me with tools. One important tool was an exceptional memory. I discovered that most of what I heard, I remembered. This enabled me to quickly absorb many valuable principles in Christian schools, from first grade through seminary. It increased the expectations of my friends and mentors, who refused to let me settle for less than my best. “God has given you too much for you not to maximize your potential,” they would tell me. I buckled down and, in a degree-conscious society, eventually earned three master’s degrees and two doctorates. My excellent recall enabled me to navigate the challenging academic waters and survive. But it was the faith that others expressed in my future that became my horizon stretcher. I became a lifelong learner, working assiduously to build on my strengths and to compensate for my weaknesses.
 
Expecting the unexpected led me to give God my life at the age of ten. This, my most important decision, energized me constantly. I pursued God as a suitor for the object of His affection. And finding Him, I discovered an unspeakable joy. This may sound ethereal and esoteric, but friendship with the Divine provided me with a sense of certitude and peace in the midst of life’s frenetic pace. I could deal with critics and even enemies without losing confidence in myself or my future. I could sleep at night knowing that God surrounded me with the shield of His favor. I became a Bible student and permitted sacred Scriptures to inform my decision making. My trust in God destroyed anxieties and brought peace. My life became God-directed. I depended more on revelation than empiricism, for Pascal was right: “The heart has reasons that the mind can’t understand.” I saw things that were not and asked, why not? I continued to expect the unexpected.
 
Expecting the unexpected led me to embrace diligence. I was told that the dictionary was one of the few places where success came before work. Someone else challenged me with the assertion that we often miss opportunities because they come disguised as work. I began to feel that the most diligent worker, not necessarily the most gifted, eventually won the prize. This attitude was articulated and modeled by many of the people who influenced my life. I watched my mother succeed against great odds because of her willingness to work. As a domestic, she was unafraid of lowly tasks because she believed Proverbs 14:23: “All hard work brings a profit.” She insisted that her children make a commitment to earning their way in life, to cast aside notions of entitlement. She taught us that God helps those who help themselves and that our reach should exceed our grasp.
 
Believing the Unimaginable
This inclination to expect the unexpected fueled my faith and prepared me for an uncharted career path. I expected to find fulfillment in the United States Navy, even though ministerial colleagues discouraged me from volunteering for military service. Though warned that entering the military chaplaincy meant burning bridges and perhaps permanently alienating people who could help me, I expected God to supply what I needed to succeed. I didn’t expect to reach the top. I did, however, expect to get close to the summit, for when one aims high, even when he misses the mark, he’s still on higher ground. I expected God to bless me in my going out and coming in, in my rising up and lying down. I claimed the biblical promises that supernatural allies would enable me to ride upon high places (Isa. 58:14), and that no weapon formed against me would prosper (Isa. 54:17).
 
Expecting the unexpected can ignite a faith that God honors. As I studied the book of James, I encountered a verse that stated, “Ye have not, because ye ask not” (4:2 kjv). I felt my faith challenged, stretching me to go beyond pedestrian belief to a realization that one can aim for the impossible. Although this happened ten years before I was selected for admiral, it was then that the possibility of doing the improbable began maturing in my heart.
 
And so I prayed an unusual prayer, characterized by faith comingled with doubt. It happened during my morning devotions while serving as a chaplain in Pensacola, Florida. “Lord,” I implored, “no Black man has ever been the chief of Navy chaplains. If you decide to do this, I’d like to be the first.” I wrote this prayer request in the back of my Bible alongside several more petitions and left it in God’s hands. I knew that God can do anything, but I never really expected this long-shot request to be granted. In retrospect, I believe God honored the faith He had placed in my heart and enabled me to exceed my expectations.
 
story1-2.jpgExpecting the unexpected produced in me optimism for trying times. At one point in my career, I experienced a vocational setback. I had been selected for a job that mysteriously disappeared. The apparent embarrassment of those who informed me of this abrupt change of circumstances led me to believe that racial discrimination was at the root of the decision. I later learned that my intuition was correct. Someone had expressed opposition to my being placed in the position, articulating his racism, of course, with polite political correctness. But my confidence in a divine ordering of my steps enabled me to hold on to my belief that God still choreographed destinies. I enthusiastically requested and accepted a far less prestigious position, believing that apparent setbacks can actually be God’s way of setting a person up for a more significant opportunity. In less than four years, I was placed in a position of much greater prestige and significance than the one that had disappeared. I continued expecting the unexpected.
 
Expecting the unexpected helped me to try the unconventional, to think beyond the predictable in ministering to sea-services people, those serving in the Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard. While stationed aboard a helicopter aircraft carrier, I began daily radio and television programs and initiated seminars with catchy titles that increased sailor and marine attendance. I organized chess tournaments to provide wholesome alternatives for spending one’s free time. I became the ship’s tour director and negotiated opportunities for our personnel to visit world cultural centers. Refusing to accept the status quo, I learned that expecting the unexpected fueled my ministry outreach with freshness.
 
This optimism would later make a critical difference in my coping with the challenges of higher responsibility. It trained me for what would come. As chief of chaplains, I encountered a few who expressed envy and grief at my supposed succession of career-enhancing assignments. Some, through anonymous e-mails, even communicated their desire for my unsuccessful tenure, though they used less civil language. One such e-mail, which began with the “N-word,” read, “Do you really think you made it to chief of chaplains on your merits? All Black people are inept and incompetent and you’re no exception. You may have been lucky enough to get one star, but you’ll never get two. They will discover you for who you are before that happens, you fake, you imposter!”
 
I tried to ignore this negativity and strengthened myself with prayer. I prayed that God would enable me to persevere in the face of these obstacles. I asked Him to be with me and to keep me optimistic and constructive. I prayed that He would provide me with loyal friends and fellow workers, people interested in glorifying His name. Believing that God can bring unexpected bright tomorrows from dark yesterdays helped me to hold on to my faith.
 
A few years later, I spoke at a United Negro College Fund gala. The president of Oakwood College, my alma mater, was to introduce me to the audience. In preparing his introduction, he questioned me about how I managed, by God’s grace, to go from the projects to become one of the Pentagon elite. As I reflected on what really made the substantive differences in my life, I quickly examined many factors. A godly mother and a supportive extended family were important factors, as was being blessed with some intellectual muscles and a desire to know God. I couldn’t forget the friends and mentors who encouraged me and modeled an exemplary work ethic. But the critical factor was my commitment to never underestimate the unfolding of God’s loving providence, and to expect the unexpected. This meant seeking God’s will, pursuing His purposes.
 
Dr. Baker stood and began his introduction as I looked on, preparing to speak. “Dr. Black has many fine qualities,” I heard him say. “But perhaps his most important attribute is that he is a seeker of God’s heart. From a child, he has sought to find and follow God’s will. He is the kind of true worshipper whom God seeks, one who pursues the transcendent.”
 
I smiled at his kind words, grateful that he had managed to embellish my small input in such an eloquent way. But he was right about one thing: I am a seeker of God’s heart.
 
A quest for fellowship with God enables you to overcome the challenges that come with the unfavorable cards you may have been dealt at birth. It enables you to believe that God will bless all that you attempt for His glory, to believe that you will have success. And success means staying within the concentric circle of God’s will. When you begin to expect the unexpected, God can make your life a smorgasbord of positive surprises.
 
Lessons Learned
We first begin to achieve our potential when we give God an undivided heart. At best, the human heart is fickle, frail, deceptive, and wicked. But when we give our hearts in total trust to God, He awakens in us a faith that will expect the unexpected. We no longer have to settle for second best and marginal living. Giving God an undivided heart means trusting Him completely, relying on His goodness, and believing His promises. It means making obedience a priority.