SYLLABUS

                         FOR

               BIBLICAL ESCHATOLOGY

                              COURSE GSEM 544 (3 credits)

                                      SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY

              OF THE THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY OF ANDREWS UNIVERSITY

                                                1988-1989

                                                       BY

                                      HANS K. LARONDELLE TH.D.


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REQUIREMENTS OF BIBLICAL ESCHATOLOGY (3 credits)

1. Faithful attendance: no more than 2 classes may be skipped without special permission.


2. Reading of a minimum of 750 pages of prescribed literature. Report Card of reading material (4 X 6-) is due at final test. From the E. G. White writings, 75 pages may be included within the 750 pages.


3. Two tests will be given on the class lectures and specified literature.

Tests cannot be retaken.

M.A. Students are required to write a research paper of at least 20 typed

pages, double-spaced, in duplicate.

The deadline for all papers is one week before the final test


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OUTLINE

BIBLICAL ESCHATOLOGY (GSEM 544)

INTRODUCTION

Requirements (See Required Reading)

The Essence of Adventist Eschatology (read: H. K. LaRondelle, "The Elijah to Come--Man or Message?" Ministry. Jan 1981, pp. 5-8.)

I. BASIC PRINCIPLES' OF BIBLICAL ESCHATOLOGY

A. General Biblical Hermeneutics

(Read: LaRondelle, 'Plea for a Christ-centered Eschatology,' Ministry, Jan 1976, pp. 18-20).

B. Christocentric Hermeneutical Principles

C. Ellen White's Principles of Scripture Interpretation

D. Unique Features of Daniel and Revelation

E. The Distinction between 'the time of the end' and the 'last days'

F. The Hermeneutics of Apocalyptic Eschatology

II. THE LAST HOLY WAR IN BIBLICAL APOCALYPTIC

A. Inventory of Scripture passages

B. The Holy War Concept in the Royal Psalms:

Ps 2 in eschatological perspective

C. The Last Holy War in Joel's eschatological perspective

D. The Apocalyptic War in Ezechiel applied in Revelation

E. The Basic Order of Final Events

III. THE SEVEN LAST PLAGUES

A. The immediate Context in Revelation: The Third Angel's Message

B. The Typological Interpretation: Egypt's Plagues

C. The Fall of Babylon in Type and Antitype (Map)

D. The Explanatory Context of Revelation 17

E. The Kings from the East in Type and Antitype

F. E. G. White's Christ-centered View of Armageddon


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REQUIRED READING of BIBLICAL ESCHATOLOGY

Total: 750 pages of at least 7 SDA authors and 7 non-SDA authors (minimum 14 authors) .

Required Textbook Study:

LaRondelle, Hans K. The Israel of God in Prophecy: Principles of Prophetic

Interpretation. A.U. Kon., Studies in Religion, Vol. XIII (1983).

__________ . Chariots of Salvation. The Biblical Drama of Armageddon. R&H,

1987.

Were, L. F. The Certainty of the Third Angel's Message. <1979 repr.) Chs. 7-15; 17-18; 21; 25-33.

__________ . The Kings That Come From the Sunrising. <1983 repro ).

__________ . The Woman and the Beast of Revelation. (1983 repr.) Chs. 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12-29).


Select Further from SDA Literature.

Andrews, J. N. Three Messages of Revelation 14. SPA 1970 (Repr. 1892).

Bacchiocchi, S. The Advent Hope for Human Hopelessness. Berrien Springs, MI, 1986.

Casebolt, D. "Is Ellen White's Interpretation of Biblical Prophecy Final?" Spectrum 12:4 (1982): 2-9, (Evaluate critically).

Damsteegt, P. G. Foundations of the Seventh-day Adventist Message and Mission. Eerdmans, 1977. Chapter V: -"The Ecclesiological Self Understanding (pp. 243-259).

Davidson, R. M. "Typology and the Levitical System" (1 and 2). Ministry, Feb 1984 pp. 16-19, 30; Apr 1984, pp. 10-13.

Froom, L. E. Movement of Destiny. RH 1971. Chapter V: "The Bible--Sole Rule of Faith and Practice." (pp. 91-106).

La Rondelle. H. K. A Symposium on Biblical Hermeneutics. G. K. Hyde, ed.

Biblical Research Institute of the General Conference of SDA, RH, 1974. Chapter 13.


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__________ Christ Our Salvation. (Pacific Press, 1981, 2d pr.). Ch. 5, "Glorification."

__________ Deliverance in the Psalms. First Impressions, Berrien Springs, MI 49103, 1983. Pss. 2, 22, 27, 46, 110.

__________ "The One-Thousand Years of Revelation 20," Ministry, September 1982, pp. 12-14.

__________ "The Millennium: Its Old Testament Roots," Ministry, November 1982, pp. 10-12.

__________ "The Millennium: A Revelation of God's Character," Ministry, January 1983, pp. 7-9.

__________ "The Elijah to Come--Man or Message?" Ministry, Jan 1981, pp .

5-8,

__________ . "Plea for a Christ-centered Eschatology," Ministry, Jan 1976, pp. 18-20.

__________ . "Paul's Prophetic Outline in 2 Thess 2." AUSS 21 (1983): 61-69.

__________ . Perfection and Perfectionism. AU Press Monographs, Studies in Religion, Vol III, 1976 (3rd ed.), pp. 200-211, "The Meaning of Apocalyptic in Pauline Soteriology." (11 pages).

Nichol. F. D. Answers to Objections. RH, 1952. Pt. II: Chapter 10, "The Prophetic Origin of the SDA Church," pp. 575~594. Chapters 15-17, "'The Three Angels' Messages," pp. ·668-711.

Rice, G. E. Three articles on the Christological fulfillment of Isa 61:1, 2, in AUSS 19 (1981):51-58; 20 (1982):23-28; 127-132.

Shea, William H. Selected Studies on Prophetic Interpretation. Daniel & Revelation Committee Series, Vol 1. RH, 1982.

__________ "The Location and Significance of Armageddon in Revelation 16:16", AUSS 18 (1980): 157-162.

Strand, Kenneth A, "Apocalyptic Prophecy and the Church." 1-2. Ministry.

Oct 83, pp. 20-23; Dec 83; pp. 14-18.

__________ . Interpreting the Book of Revelation: Hermeneutical Guidelines. Worthington, OH: Ann Arbor Publ., 1976, pp. 25-29.

__________ . "Literary Structure - A Key to Interpreting the Revelation." Ministry. March 1977, pp. 17-20.

__________ . "Two Aspects of Babylon's Judgment Portrayed in Revelation 18." AUSS 20 (1982): 53-60.


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Were, Louis R. The Battle for the Kingship of the World. Will the king of the North Invade the Holy City? Berrien Springs, MI: First Impressions, 1983 Reprint.

__________ . Mrs. E. G. White, U. Smith, and the King of the North. (Out of

Print). 

__________ . 144,000 Sealed I When? Why? Chapter 6-12. (Out of Print).

Johns, Alger F. "The Presentation of Ezekiel 38 in Evangelism" Ministry, Aug 1962, pp. 27-29; September 1962, pp. 28-31.


SDA Church Publications

SDA Bible Commentary. Vol IV (1955), pp. 25-38: "The Role of Israel in OT Prophecy."

SDA Bible Dictionary. RH, 1970. Articles: "Armageddon," "Israel," "Millennium.".

SDA Bible Encyclopedia. RH, 1966. Articles: "Armageddon," "Israel," "Millennium".

Problems in Bible Translations. RH, 1954. Chapter 8, "Application of OT Prophecies to New Testament and Later Times" [Also in SDA Bible Commentary, Vol. I: 1017-1019], pp. 128-132.


Select from Non-SDA Literature

Amerding, D. E. Handbook of Biblical Prophecy. Baker, 1978. (Former title:

Dreams, Visions and Oracles [1977]). Chapter 4, 14.

Archer, G. L., Feinberg, P. D.; Moo, D. J.; Reiler, R. R. The Rapture:

Pre-, Mid-, or Post-Tribulational? Zondervan (1984).

Beasley-Murray, G. R. The Coming of God. Exeter: The Paternoster Press, 1983.

Berkouwer, G. C. The Return of Christ. Eerdmans, 1972. Chapter 11, "Israel as Sign?". 

Corley, B. "The Jevs, the Future, and God (Rom 9-11)," in South western Journal of Theology XIX (1976), 42-56.

Cranfield, C. E. B. "Thoughts on Nev Testament Eschatology,"  SJT 35 (1982), pp. 497-512. (Also ch 8, The Bible & Christian Life, Edinburgh 1985).

DeCaro, L. A. Israel Today: Fulfillment of Prophecy? Baker, 1974. Chapter 22.


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Dodd, C. H.  The Old Testament in the New. (3rd pr). Facet Books, Fortress Press, 1971. (3rd pr).

Ellis, E. E. Paul's Use of the Old Testament. Eerdmans, 1957. pp. 126-135.

Foulkes, F. The Acts of God. A Study of the Basis of Typology in the Old Testament .London: Tyndale, 1955 (32 pp.).

France, R. T. Jesus and the Old Testament. London: Tyndale, 1971. Chapter III, "Typological Use of the Old Testament".

_________ "Old Testament Prophecy and the Future of Israel," Tyndale Bulletin 26 (1975) 53-78.

Geisler, N. To Understand the Bible: Look for Jesus. Baker, 19-9 (repr. 1968) Chs. 2-3.

Goulder, M. D. Type and History in Acts. London, SPCK, 1964. Chapter I, "The Typological Method."

Hagner, D. A. and Bullock, C. H. Interpreting the Word of God.(S. J. Schultz and M.A. Inch, eds.) Moody, 1976. Chapters 4 and 5.

Hendriksen, W. Israel in Prophecy. Baker, 1974 (3d pr.), pp. 16-57.

Hoekema, A. A. The Bible and the Future. Eerdmans, 1979. Chs 4-6, 14-16; and Appendix, "Recent Trends in Eschatology."

Holwerda, David E. Exploring The Heritage of John Calvin. "Eschatology and History: A Look at Calvin's Eschatological Vision," Ch. 4. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1976.

Jones, K. E., "An Amillennial Reply to Peters: A Review Article of Theocratic Kingdom (3 vols)", JETS 24/4 (1981): 333-341.

Kimball, W. R. What the Bible Says About the Great Tribulation. Joplin, Miss.- College Press Publ. Co., 1983.

Ladd, G. E. The Presence of the Future. Eerdmans, 1974. Chapters 4, 10, 11, 13.

__________ . "The Last Things." Eerdmans, 1978. Ch. 1.

Lampe, G. W. H. "Typological Exegesis," in Theology LVI (1953), 201-208.

LaSor, W. S. The Truth About Armageddon. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1982 Chs. 9-15.

Page, S. H. T. "Reveiation 20 and Pauline Eschatology," JETS 23/1 (1980): 31-43 (Evaluate critically).


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Poythress, V. S. "Divine Meaning of Scripture," Westminster Theological Journal 48:2 (1986) : 241-279.

Saucy, R. L. "A Rationale for the Future of Israel," JETS 28:4 (1985): 433 (modern dispensationalist).

Travis, S. I Believe in the Second Coming of Jesus. Eerdmans, 1982.

Wilch, J. R. "The Land and State of Israel in Prophecy and Fulfillment," Concordia Journal 8:5 (1982): 172-178.

Willis, J. T. "The Expression be'acharith hayyamim in the OT," Restoration Quarterly 22:1, 2 (1979), 54-71. Important Study on "last days" in the OT.

Yamauchi, E. "Mesheck, Tubal, and Company: A Review Article," JETS 19/3 (1976): 239-47 (indispensable for Ezek 38-39).

__________ "Hermeneutical Issues in the Book of Daniel," JETS 23/1 (1980) : 13-21.

Zimmerli, W. Essays on Old Testament Hermeneutics. (Knox Press, 1966) Chapter 5: "Promise and Fulfillment," pp. 89-122.

Karlberg, M. W. "The Significance of Israel in Biblical Typology," JETS 31:3 (1988) 257-269.

Paulien, Jon. "Recent Developments in the Study of the Book of Revelation," AUSS 26:2 (1988) 159-170.


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        BASIC PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL ESCHATOLOGY


I. THE BIBLE IS ITS 0WN INTERPRETER: through the immediate and the wider contexts.


The New Testament is God's authoritative, final application of the Old Testament: John 5:39, 40; Luke 24:~5-27; Heb 1:1,2; 1 Thess 2: 13.

E. G. White: CT 462; Ed 190; COL 127-128; FE 187; GC 205, 521,

354, 595.


Study: H. K. LaRondel1e: The Israel of God in Prophecy (1983). Chapters 1-2.


II. THE NEW TESTAMENT TEACHES THE CHRISTOLOGICAL FULFILLMENT OF: (A) ALL THE MESSIANIC PROPHECIES OF THE OLD TESTAMENT: AND OF (B) ISRAEL'S HISTORY OF SALVATION.


A. Bible scholars have distinguished three kings of Messianic Prophecies:

a.  Direct predictions of the Messiah:  Micah 5:1; Daniel 9:26, 27.


b. Typological messianic prophecies: Deut. 18:18, 19; 2 Sam 7:12-16; the Royal Psalms


c. Non-predictive historical passages: Hosea 11:1; Jonah 1:17; Hosea 6:2; Psalm 41:9.


E.G. White:  DA, Chapters 63 and 64; 6T 392-393.


Study: H. K. LaRondel1e: The Israel of God in Prophecy (1983). Chapter 5.


B. The First Advent of Christ introduced in Israel's history:

a) the time of the Antitypes: Matt 12:40-42, 6; Rom 5:14; 1 Cor 10:6, 11.

b) the time of the Messianic Kingdom: Matt 12:28; Luke 4: 16-21; 17:20, 21; Mark 1:14, 15 (cf Dan 9:24-27); 1 Cor 15:25 .


c) The last days:" Acts 2:14-17; Heb 1:1-2; Jas 5:3; 1 John 2:18 (cf Heb 9:26; 1 Pet 1:20; 1 Cor 10:11)


E. G. White: GC 347-348; DA 234 (distinguishing Kingdom of grace and Kingdom of g1ory); DA 571, 576


10

Study: Hans K. LaRondelle: The Israel of God in Prophecy, Chapter 4.


III. THE NEW TESTAMENT TEACHES THE ECCLESIOLOGICAL FULFILLMENT OF (A) GOD'S PROMISES OF A NEW COVENANT WITH ISRAEL; AND OF (B) ISRAEL'S RESTORATION OR GATHERING PROMISES.


The name "Israel" has two meanings in the OT: 1) the religious community of faith (Gen 32:28; Hos 12:3; 4; Exod 4:22). 2) the ethnic-political people (Deut 1:1; 4:44-46).

The ethnic restrictions of Judah and Israel are consistently removed within the new covenant (see Matt 21:37, 38, 43; Luke 12: 32; Gal 3:29; 6:16). This is what the SDA BC IV: 25-38 means by "fulfillment in principle."

Study: H. K. LaRondel1e: The Israel of God in Prophecy (1983). Chapters 6-8.


A. The Covenant Promises to Israel

Exod 19:4-6                             applied in 1 Pet 2:9; Rev 5:10


Jer 31:31-34; Ezek 36:24-27            applied in Heb 8:7-13; 10:15-22; Gal                                                 3:28-29; Matt 8:11, 12


Hos 1:9-11; 2:19-23; 3:5                applied in 1 Pet 2:10; Rom 9: 24-27


Isa 49:6; 60:1-5                        applied in Matt 5:14; Acts 13: 46-48; Rev                                             21:22-27


Isa 45: 14                               applied in 1 Cor 14:25


Amos 9:11-12                           applied in Acts 15:13-21


B. The Gathering Promises to Israel

Deut 30:1-3; Isa 11:10-16              applied in Matt 11:28; 12:30 18:20; 23:37;

56:8; Ezek 34:23-24;                    John 10:16; 11 :52 12:32; Rev 14:6-12;

37:21-28                                Matt 24:31; 25:31-33; 2 Thess 2:1;

                                         1 Thess 4:16, 17; Rev 7:13-17; 21:1-4

Controversial Texts: Rom 11:25-27; Matt 23:39; 1 Thess 2:16


E. G. White: PK, Chapters 31 and 59; DA 106; COL 294-298, 179; EW 74-76


IV. THE NEW TESTAMENT UNIVERSALIZES ISRAEL'S TERRITORIAL PROMISES.


The fulfillment takes place in two phases, according to the spiritual or the physical presence of Christ Jesus. The geographic restrictions of Jerusalem, Mount Zion are consistently removed, even when the Middle-East terminology and imagery are retained.


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Ps 37:11,29, 31                       applied in Matt 5:5


Isa 56: 6, 7; Mal 1:11                 applied in John 4:21-23


Gen 13: 14-17; 15:18                 applied in Rom 4:13; Gal 3:29; 1 Pet 1:4


Isa 54:1-3, 11-13                     applied in Gal 4:21-31; Rev 21: 18-21


Isa 2:1-4; Mic 4:1-4                   applied in Heb 12:22-24; 13:14


Gen 12:1, 7; 15:6; 18:1                applied in Heb 11 :8-10, 13-16; Rev 21:1, 2


Controversial Text: Luke 21:24


E. G. White: PP 137, 170; MB 17; AA 591; PK 720; cf MH 160


Study: H. K. LaRondel1e: The Israel of God in Prophecy (1983). Chapters 9-10.


V. THE END-TIME PROPHECIES OF THE OLD TESTAMENT--INCLUDING DANIEL'S OUTLINE SERIES--NEED TO BE EQUALLY APPLIED ACCORDING TO THE CHRISTO-

ENTRIC PRINCIPLES OF THE NEW TESTAMENT.

  

The gospel of Christ transforms the application of the OT apocalyptic terms and imagery according to the Gospel hermeneutics when an end-time prophecy stretches beyond the historic cross of Christ. Israel's faithful remnant of the end-time prophecies becomes the universal remnant church of Christ. The enemies of Israel become types of the universal enemies of the remnant Church.


Psalms 2                            applied in Acts 4:24-28; 13:32, 33; Heb 5:5, 6;                                       10:12, 13; Rev 19:15.


Joel 2:32                            applied in Rev 12: 17; 14:1, 12


Joel 3:13,14,21,2                    applied in Rev 14:14-20


Mal 4:5, 6                           applied in Matt 17:10-13; Luke 1 :17; Rev

                                     14:6-12


Jer 51:6-10                          applied in Rev 14: 8; 17:1, 15; 18: 1-5


Isa 63:1-3                           applied in Rev 19:13, 15


Ezek 38:2; 39:1, 17-20               applied in Rev 19:17-21; 20:7-10


Dan 11:36                            applied in 2 Thess 2:4


Dan 8: 10                            applied in Rev 12:4


Dan 7: 13, 14, 27                    applied in Matt 26:64; Rev 11: 15; 14:14; 5:13,                                       13


Isa 25:8                             applied in Rev 7:17; 21:3, 4


Isa 65:17-19                         applied in 2 Pet 3:13; Rev 7:17


Controversial Texts: Dan 11:40-45


E. G. White: AA 584-585; TM 112-119; 409-410 (alerts to false prophecy in our pulpits). 


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VI. THE IMMEDIATE (A) AND WIDER CONTEXTS (B) OF REVELATION 20-22 TEACH THAT THE MILLENNIUM. THE NEW JERUSALEM, THE COSMIC JUDGMENT AND THE DESTRUCTION OF SATAN WILL ALL FIND A LITERAL HISTORICAL FULFILLMENT.


A. Rev 20:1-3 follows logically and chronologically after Rev 19: 19-21. First, Satan's two chief allies on earth, the beast and the false prophet, are captured and judged at the second advent of Christ (19:20). Finally,' Satan himself will be captured and kept in detention for a millennium in order to be arraigned as the world's deceiver before the assembled saints in the New Jerusalem. Rev 20 refers, therefore, to the time after the glorious second advent of Christ (Rev 19) and begins with the resurrection of the saints (Rev 20:6; cf 1 Thess 4:16, 17) and the destruction of the wicked (Rev 19:20, 21; cf. 2 Thess 1:8-10; 2 Thess 2:8; Rev 6:15-17).


Consequently, Satan's personal capture and binding in Rev 20 is determined not by Christ's first advent (cf. Matt 12:28, 29; John 12:31; Col 2:15), but by Christ's glorious second advent.


B. Revelation 20-22 teaches the Christocentric cosmic consummation of all Israel's apocalyptic visions and unfulfilled prophecies

Isa 24:1-3,21,22                          applied in Rev 20:1-3,10-13

Isa 24:23; 25:6-8; 27:13                  applied in Rev 20:4, 6; 21:1-4

Isa 14:12-20                              applied in Rev 20:1-3,5

Lev 16:10,21,22                           applied in Rev 20:1-3,10

Ezek 38:2,9,22; 39:6                      applied in Rev 20:7-10

Ezek 37:27                                applied in Rev 21:3

Ezek 40:2; 48:30-35                       applied in Rev 21:10,12-13,22

Ezek 47:1,12                              applied in Rev 22:1,2

Isa 65:17                                  applied in Rev 21:1

Isa 60:19,20,3,5                           applied in Rev 21:23, 24

Zech 14:7; Isa 60:11                      applied in Rev 21:25, 26

Zech 14:8; Joel 3:18                      applied in Rev 22:1

Zech 14:11; Joel 3:17                     applied in Rev 22:3; 21:27

Dan 7:27                                  applied in Rev 22:5

       

E. G. White: GC, Chs 41 and 42; AA 585